The use of hazards – physical (e.g., corrosivity, reactivity, explosivity flammability), toxicological (carcinogenicity, reproductive and developmental including endocrine disruption, neurological), or global (e.g., ozone depletion, GHG’s) – can be minimized or eliminated throughout the entire life-cycle of a chemical process.  Utilization of hazardous chemicals can be avoided through substitution of alternatives that have been designed for reduced hazard or, at a minimum, assessed and understood to have reduced hazard by comparison to what it is replacing.

 

Throughout processes, the feedstocks, reagents, solvents, catalysts and other substances can be replaced such that negative environmental and human health consequences can be minimized.