Empirical testing of the toxicity of a chemical is an essential part of the deep understanding of the potential consequences of a chemical. As we move away from animal testing due to ethical and financial drivers, the development of bioassays is increasingly important.  The bioassays emerging not only cover a large number of biological processes and toxicological endpoints, but also can be done within a high throughput framework.  Through these high-throughput screening assays, there can be extensive amounts of data generated providing insights into the concerns that may be associated with a chemical or alternatively, inform safer design of future chemicals.